Can You Take Allergy Medicine While Pregnant?
孕妈妈能吃抗过敏的药吗?
NO DOUBT, SOME CAUTION is warranted when deciding whether to take any medication when pregnant or nursing.
毫无疑问，妊娠期或哺乳期有许多注意事项，应特别注意科学用药。
That's because, experts say, while most medications are generally considered safe during this period, doctors and patients alike only have so much data to go on due a relative lack of research. There's a dearth of large, human studies on the safety and effectiveness of drugs for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. For these patients "we have very limited information," says Dr. Catherine Spong, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology and chief of maternal fetal medicine at UT Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas.
专家标明，尽管人们认为大多数药物在这段时间内是能够安全服用的，但因为相关研讨的缺少，医师和患者能看到的数据并不是许多。对孕妈妈和哺乳期女人而言，尚缺少许多的关于药物安全性和有效性的人类研讨。对这些集体而言，“咱们所知甚少，”达拉斯市德州大学西南医学中心的妇产科教授和母胎医学主任凯瑟琳·斯庞（Catherine Spong）医师说道。
To be sure, medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration must be safe for women of reproductive age, she notes. "Many medications are commonly taken by lots of women – they may not even know that they're pregnant at the time – and have not been found to have adverse effects," Spong notes.
能够必定的是，食物和药物管理局同意的药物关于育龄妇女而言必定是安全的，她指出。“一般，许多女人会在不知道自己怀孕的情况下服用一些药物，现在没有发现任何副作用，”斯庞指出。
Allergy Medicines and Birth Defects
过敏药和出世缺点
One reason antihistamines have been scrutinized is because past studies have raised concerns about a potential link between antihistamines and birth defects. However, a review by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the research that included more than 50 scientific articles through early 2014 found that most of the drugs don't appear to be linked to birth defects.
因为从前的研讨让人们觉得抗组胺药与先天性缺点之间存在潜在相关，所以抗组胺药受到了严厉检查。但是，疾控中心对一项研讨（包括2014年头宣布的50多篇科技论文）的述评发现：大多数药物好像与出世缺点无关。
One thoroughly studied example highlighted in the review, which was published in the journal Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, involves an association first identified between prenatal exposure to loratadine and male children being born with hypospadias. That's a birth defect in which opening of the uretha isn't located at the tip of the penis, but instead is underneath it. The abnormality affects the ability to urinate and also leads to problems with sexual function later if it's not addressed. Treatment usually involves surgery to correct the defect.
有人深入研讨了该述评（宣布于《药物安全专家定见》期刊上）要点提出的一个比如——人们初次发现产前吃氯雷他定与生出患有尿道下裂的男宝宝有关。这种先天缺点指的是男性尿道口出现在阴部下方而非上方。这种异常会影响宝宝的排尿才能，如不加以医治，后期或影响其性功能。一般需进行手术医治。
But the research review found that link has not been confirmed in subsequent studies.
但是该研讨述评发现：后续研讨没有证明这一相关。
Nor has research demonstrated that antihistamines cause birth defects of any kind. Given that, some experts speculate that such associations between antihistamine use and birth defects may just be the result of chance, as suggested in other research, and aren't connected.
也没有研讨证明抗组胺药会导致任何出世缺点。鉴于此，一些专家估测，服用抗组胺药与出世缺点之间的这种相关或许仅仅偶然性的，正如其它研讨所标明的那样，并不存在相关性。
